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Florence Nightingale: Professionalized Health Care
(2015)
Florence Nightingale championed social reform and the organization of nursing as a profession. During the Crimean War, she organized the care of injured soldiers, making the rounds at night as the ÐLady with the lamp.Ð Her ...
Hildegard of Bingen: An Abbess for Health Care
(2015)
Hildegard of Bingen, Abbess of convents at Rupertsberg and Elbingen in the 12th century, explained their herbal remedies and medical procedures in her book, Physica. In addition to this work on medicine, Hildegard wrote ...
Margaret Bryan: Science Education
(2015)
Margaret Bryan was a schoolmistress for a boarding school for girls in London, in which she taught mathematics and science. She also published several popular scientific textbooks on astronomy, geography, and natural ...
Catherine Whitwell: Astronomy & Creative Writing
(2015)
Catherine Whitwell wrote an introduction to the night sky as a dialogue between a mother and daughter. It contains 23 engraved plates drawn by Whitwell herself, including four hand colored folding plates. One of the plates ...
Wondertooneel: Women and Museums
(2015)
Levinus Vincent, a wealthy Dutch merchant with ties to the East Indies, created a spectacular 'Chamber of Wonders' natural history museum in Haarlem. Visiting dignitaries admired his museum, including Peter the Great and ...
Maria Merian: World-Traveling Entomologist
(2015)
Maria Merian (1647-1717), skilled in both art and natural history, studied the relationships between flowers and insects. She conducted research in gardens and museums, produced detailed sketches and beautiful paintings, ...
Madame du Châtelet: Newtonian Physicist
(2015)
Madame du Châtelet translated Newton's masterwork of physics, the "Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy," into French. She also defended Newton in the Newton-Leibniz controversy. This OER shoes images from some ...
Maria Cunitz: Kepler's Defender
(2015)
Maria Cunitz was one of the first astronomers to adopt Johann Kepler's astronomy. She made Kepler's achievement easy to grasp, and demonstrated that Kepler's laws were more accurate than anything that had come before. This ...
Elisabeth Hevelius: Observational Astronomer
(2015)
Elisabeth Hevelius, wife of Johann Hevelius, was an astronomer in her own right. They worked together in the observatory of their Gdansk home to measure angular widths and distances with a great sextant, which required two ...
Ada Lovelace: First Computer Programmer
(2015)
In Ada Lovelace's translation of one of the first introductions to Charles Babbage's "Analytical Engine," she included at length analyses of the significance and potential of Babbage's machine. These explanations, totaling ...