IMPACT OF 3D PRINTING CONSTRUCTION ON INDOOR MICROCLIMATE AND USER COMFORT

Abstract

The escalating demand for affordable housing has prompted the exploration of innovative construction methods, with 3D Printing emerging as a promising solution. This study investigates the indoor environmental quality (IEQ) performance of 3D-printed homes, focusing on thermal comfort, humidity control, air quality, and acoustic performance, compared to traditional construction methods. Employing a comparative case study methodology, the research assessed a 3D-printed home and a conventional residence in Los Angeles, California. Quantitative IEQ data were collected using instruments such as thermo-hygrometers, CO₂ monitors, and sound level meters to measure parameters like indoor temperature, humidity, CO₂ concentration, and noise levels, respectively. These measurements were compared with the ASHRAE standard for human comfort to understand how 3D-printed homes perform in terms of IEQ. Results indicate that 3D-printed homes demonstrated superior humidity stability and acoustic insulation, with indoor noise levels averaging 35.2 dB compared to 37.0 dB in traditional homes. However, thermal mass properties led to higher heat retention, with average temperatures of 82.1°F versus 81.3°F. CO₂ levels remained within ASHRAE standards in both housing types, though occupancy patterns significantly influenced readings. These findings suggest that 3D-printed construction offers promising IEQ benefits, particularly for humidity control and noise reduction, while highlighting the need for enhanced passive cooling strategies in warm climates. The findings offer valuable insights into the potential of 3D Printing technology to enhance livability and comfort in affordable housing solutions. By analyzing the IEQ parameters, the research seeks to contribute to the discourse on sustainable and innovative construction practices, informing stakeholders in the construction industry about the viability of 3D-printed homes as a solution to housing challenges.