| dc.description.abstract | nationwide survey of the commercial nursery growers was conducted to identify the cultural practices used in production of viburnums. Daily plant water use of leatherleaf viburnum and Burkwood viburnum in 0%, 30% and 60% shade was determined gravimetrically by weighing each pot on an electronic precision balance. Plant heights, widths, leaf necrosis, number of leaves per plant, leaf area, root and shoot dry weights, root to shoot ratio (R/S) and specific leaf area were determined for leatherleaf, Korean spice and Burkwood viburnum in 0%, 30% and 60% shade. Survey results suggest that using more sustainable production techniques that improve irrigation efficiency will reduce production costs, conserve water, and produce higher quality crops. Nursery producers should consider planting time; selection of components of container substrates, use of inorganic and biological amendments in the substrate; alternative irrigation sources; cost and water efficient irrigation methods; irrigation frequency and use of cyclic irrigation that could improve water and nutrient management of viburnums and other ornamental crops. Sixty percent shade can result in water savings for Burkwood viburnum. Leatherleaf total water use was lowest in 0% shade, however, the greater degree of leaf necrosis and leaf abscission and reduced growth can make the plant less salable. Water use of leatherleaf was lower in 60% than in 30% shade. Shade increased plant height and width, leaf number and leaf area, leaves, stems, roots and total dry weights, and specific leaf area in all species. Root to shoot ratio was reduced by shade in Korean spice and leatherleaf viburnum but was not affected in Burkwood viburnum. Degree of leaf necrosis decreased with increasing shade intensity in all three species. Shading can be a useful means, at least during the hot summer months, for reducing water use and improving growth and quality in Burkwood, Korean spice and leatherleaf viburnum. | |
