Perception and experience of multisensory environments among neurodivergent people: systematic review

Abstract

A multisensory environment (MSE) is an adaptable, interactive space that allows individuals with sensory processing differences to explore diverse sensory stimuli depending on their needs. Despite their demonstrated benefits, there has been little evidence-based design approach for MSE design. This systematic review aims to synthesize how neurodivergent individuals perceive and experience MSE and provides design implications for creating MSE that meets the diverse sensory preferences and needs. The review process follows the PRISMA protocol. The review included 27 studies published in peer-reviewed journals between 2013 and 2023. Findings highlight MSE design strategies with key themes: sight, hearing, touch, smell, taste, body movement, and body awareness. These environmental factors within MSE are explained in relation to user experience such as adaptive sensory-response behaviours and psychological well-being. The identified MSE design strategies will contribute to guiding designers and researchers with evidence-based design approaches that maximize the benefits of MSEs for neurodivergent people.