Acceptability and feasibility of virtual reality multisensory environments for individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders: professional caregiver perspectives

Abstract

This study investigates the acceptability and feasibility of Virtual Reality Multisensory Environments (VR MSEs) to support sensory exploration among individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD). To assess user acceptance of VR MSEs, data were collected from 40 professional caregivers, including occupational therapists, special education teachers, and administrative staff who are involved in the care of individuals with NDD. Quantitative and qualitative approaches were employed, incorporating the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), Personal Wellbeing Index-Intellectual Disability 3rd Edition (PWA-ID), and semi-structured interviews. The findings revealed significant (p < 0.05) acceptance of VR MSEs, and professional caregivers anticipated positive impacts on the well-being of individuals with NDD. Thematic analysis identified five themes relevant to feasibility: sensory customization, sensory simulation quality, intuitive interface design, use of VR device, and user characteristics. This study highlights the potential of VR MSEs as a scalable alternative to traditional multisensory environments, addressing spatial and financial barriers while supporting diverse sensory needs. Continuous professional caregiver involvement and iterative design processes will be crucial in optimizing usability and successful implementation.