Sanitation, Stress, and Life Stage: A Systematic Data Collection Study among Women in Odisha, India

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dc.contributor.authorKristyna R. S. Hulland
dc.contributor.authorRachel P. Chase
dc.contributor.authorBethany A. Caruso
dc.contributor.authorRojalin Swain
dc.contributor.authorBismita Biswal
dc.contributor.authorKrushna Chandra Sahoo
dc.contributor.authorPinaki Panigrahi
dc.contributor.authorRobert Dreibelbis
dc.date.accessioned2017-03-05T22:55:22Z
dc.date.available2017-03-05T22:55:22Z
dc.date.issued2015-11-09
dc.descriptionThe authors wish to thank the other members of our research consortium: Kelly K. Baker, Bhabani S. Das, Padmala Das, Ambarish Dutta, Matthew C. Freeman, P.R. Misra, Bijay Padhi, Belen Torondel, R. N. Satapathy, and N. C. Nanda. We also thank members of the study team: Nitir Guria, Amita Beura, Rajalaxmi Choudhury.en_US
dc.descriptionen_US
dc.description.abstractEmerging evidence demonstrates how inadequate access to water and sanitation is linked to psychosocial stress, especially among women, forcing them to navigate social and physical barriers during their daily sanitation routines. We examine sanitation-related psychosocial stress (SRPS) across women’s reproductive lives in three distinct geographic sites (urban slums, rural villages, and rural tribal villages) in Odisha, India. We explored daily sanitation practices of adolescent, newly married, pregnant, and established adult women (n = 60) and identified stressors encountered during sanitation. Responding to structured data collection methods, women ranked seven sanitation activities (defecation, urination, menstruation, bathing, post-defecation cleaning, carrying water, and changing clothes) based on stress (high to low) and level of freedom (associated with greatest freedom to having the most restrictions). Women then identified common stressors they encountered when practicing sanitation and sorted stressors in constrained piles based on frequency and severity of each issue. The constellation of factors influencing SRPS varies by life stage and location. Overall, sanitation behaviors that were most restricted (i.e., menstruation) were the most stressful. Women in different sites encountered different stressors, and the level of perceived severity varied based on site and life stage. Understanding the influence of place and life stage on SRPS provides a nuanced understanding of sanitation, and may help identify areas for intervention.en_US
dc.description.peerreviewYesen_US
dc.description.peerreviewnoteshttp://www.plosone.org/static/editorial#peeren_US
dc.identifier.citationHulland KRS, Chase RP, Caruso BA, Swain R, Biswal B, Sahoo KC, et al. (2015) Sanitation, Stress, and Life Stage: A Systematic Data Collection Study among Women in Odisha, India. PLoS ONE 10(11): e0141883. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0141883en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1371/journal.pone.0141883en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11244/49280
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.publisherPLos One
dc.relation.ispartofseriesPLoS ONE 10(11): e0141883
dc.relation.urihttp://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0141883
dc.rightsAttribution 3.0 United States
dc.rights.requestablefalseen_US
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/us/
dc.subjectSanitation,Behavior,Psychological stress,Pregnancy,Adolescents,Behavioral geography,Defecation,Urban geographyen_US
dc.titleSanitation, Stress, and Life Stage: A Systematic Data Collection Study among Women in Odisha, Indiaen_US
dc.typeResearch Articleen_US

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