Assessing the Microbial Community and Functional Genes in a Vertical Soil Profile with Long-Term Arsenic Contamination

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dc.contributor.authorJinbo Xiongen_US
dc.contributor.authorZhili Heen_US
dc.contributor.authorJoy D. Van Nostranden_US
dc.contributor.authorGuosheng Luoen_US
dc.contributor.authorShuxin Tuen_US
dc.contributor.authorJizhong Zhouen_US
dc.contributor.authorGejiao Wangen_US
dc.date.accessioned2015-01-23T17:17:41Z
dc.date.accessioned2016-03-30T15:35:38Z
dc.date.available2015-01-23T17:17:41Z
dc.date.available2016-03-30T15:35:38Z
dc.date.issued2012-11-30en_US
dc.descriptionen_US
dc.descriptionConceived and designed the experiments: GW. Performed the experiments: JX GL. Analyzed the data: JX JZ GW. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: ST JZ GW. Wrote the paper: JX ZH JDVN JZ GW.en_US
dc.description.abstractArsenic (As) contamination in soil and groundwater has become a serious problem to public health. To examine how microbial communities and functional genes respond to long-term arsenic contamination in vertical soil profile, soil samples were collected from the surface to the depth of 4 m (with an interval of 1 m) after 16-year arsenic downward infiltration. Integrating BioLog and functional gene microarray (GeoChip 3.0) technologies, we showed that microbial metabolic potential and diversity substantially decreased, and community structure was markedly distinct along the depth. Variations in microbial community functional genes, including genes responsible for As resistance, carbon and nitrogen cycling, phosphorus utilization and cytochrome c oxidases were detected. In particular, changes in community structures and activities were correlated with the biogeochemical features along the vertical soil profile when using the rbcL and nifH genes as biomarkers, evident for a gradual transition from aerobic to anaerobic lifestyles. The C/N showed marginally significant correlations with arsenic resistance (p = 0.069) and carbon cycling genes (p = 0.073), and significant correlation with nitrogen fixation genes (p = 0.024). The combination of C/N, NO3− and P showed the highest correlation (r = 0.779, p = 0.062) with the microbial community structure. Contradict to our hypotheses, a long-term arsenic downward infiltration was not the primary factor, while the spatial isolation and nutrient availability were the key forces in shaping the community structure. This study provides new insights about the heterogeneity of microbial community metabolic potential and future biodiversity preservation for arsenic bioremediation management.en_US
dc.description.peerreviewYesen_US
dc.description.peerreviewnoteshttp://www.plosone.org/static/editorial#peeren_US
dc.identifier.citationXiong J, He Z, Van Nostrand JD, Luo G, Tu S, et al. (2012) Assessing the Microbial Community and Functional Genes in a Vertical Soil Profile with Long-Term Arsenic Contamination. PLoS ONE 7(11): e50507. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0050507en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1371/journal.pone.0050507en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11244/14083
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.publisherPLos Oneen_US
dc.relation.ispartofseriesPLoS ONE 7(11):e50507en_US
dc.relation.urihttp://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0050507en_US
dc.rightsAttribution 3.0 United Statesen_US
dc.rights.requestablefalseen_US
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/us/en_US
dc.subjectPLOSen_US
dc.subjectPublic Library of Scienceen_US
dc.subjectOpen Accessen_US
dc.subjectOpen-Accessen_US
dc.subjectScienceen_US
dc.subjectMedicineen_US
dc.subjectBiologyen_US
dc.subjectResearchen_US
dc.subjectPeer-reviewen_US
dc.subjectInclusiveen_US
dc.subjectInterdisciplinaryen_US
dc.subjectAnte-disciplinaryen_US
dc.subjectPhysicsen_US
dc.subjectChemistryen_US
dc.subjectEngineeringen_US
dc.titleAssessing the Microbial Community and Functional Genes in a Vertical Soil Profile with Long-Term Arsenic Contaminationen_US
dc.typeResearch Articleen_US

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