The Neuroarchitecture of Airport Design: A Study Focused on Traveler Well-Being, Behavior, and Comfort at Gates’ Waiting Areas

Abstract

This research investigates the connection between neuroarchitecture, and the design of airport gate waiting areas, aiming to understand traveler behavior and improve their well-being and comfort. The study examines how key environmental design factors affect travelers’ behavior and emotional states, using neuroscience principles to reduce stress and increase cognitive ease. Focusing on sensory perception, managing cognitive load, and emotional regulation, the study aims to apply specific neuroarchitecture concepts to the airport environment, particularly within gate waiting areas. These concepts include brain function, schemas, cognitive maps, sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems, the environmental stressor theory, and neuroaesthetics. Special attention is given to the design of wayfinding systems, which are critical for improving navigation, reducing stress, and increasing overall travelers’ satisfaction. Employing a multi-method qualitative approach, the study incorporated a literature review, non-participant observations, design analysis, and an examination of online reviews from travelers across various airport contexts. Three airports were selected, considering geographical diversity and their relevance to business and leisure travelers. The airports are in Texas, Illinois, and California. The research also includes a comparative analysis of other terminals, airport lounges, and gate waiting areas to study how different environments influence travelers’ comfort and behavior. Through these methods, this thesis identified patterns and design elements that are most impactful in reducing stress and promoting positive emotional responses in high-stress environments like airports. Four design elements stood out after the literature review and the comparison of the observations and online reviews’ analysis outcomes: Wayfinding, Ceiling Height, Illumination, and Layout Complexity. By aligning environmental design strategies with the principles of neuroarchitecture, this research offers empirical recommendations for creating human-centered airport environments. These recommendations aim to inform architects and designers about the most effective ways to enhance the traveler’s experience, focusing particularly on reducing stress and improving well-being at airport gate waiting areas. The study expands the application of neuroarchitecture to public, high-stress environments, providing a foundation for future research on the integration of neuroscience into architectural design practices. Further, the thesis’ findings offer actionable insights for improving airport design, which can ultimately contribute to more efficient and enjoyable travel experiences. The results are also intended to support airport designers and other stakeholders in developing spaces that accommodate diverse traveler demographics and needs, ensuring that future airport designs are adaptable and inclusive.