The Impact of Fillers on Lineup Performance

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dc.contributor.authorWetmore, Stacy A.
dc.contributor.authorMcAdoo, Ryan
dc.contributor.authorGronlund, Scott D.
dc.contributor.authorNeuschatz, Jeffrey S.
dc.date.accessioned2018-06-21T19:33:35Z
dc.date.available2018-06-21T19:33:35Z
dc.date.issued2017
dc.description.abstractFiller siphoning theory posits that the presence of fillers (known innocents) in a lineup protects an innocent suspect from being chosen by siphoning choices away from that innocent suspect. This mechanism has been proposed as an explanation for why simultaneous lineups (viewing all lineup members at once) induces better performance than showups (one-person identification procedures). We implemented filler siphoning in a computational model (WITNESS, Clark, Applied Cognitive Psychology 17:629–654, 2003), and explored the impact of the number of fillers (lineup size) and filler quality on simultaneous and sequential lineups (viewing lineups members in sequence), and compared both to showups. In limited situations, we found that filler siphoning can produce a simultaneous lineup performance advantage, but one that is insufficient in magnitude to explain empirical data. However, the magnitude of the empirical simultaneous lineup advantage can be approximated once criterial variability is added to the model. But this modification works by negatively impacting showups rather than promoting more filler siphoning. In sequential lineups, fillers were found to harm performance. Filler siphoning fails to clarify the relationship between simultaneous lineups and sequential lineups or showups. By incorporating constructs like filler siphoning and criterial variability into a computational model, and trying to approximate empirical data, we can sort through explanations of eyewitness decision-making, a prerequisite for policy recommendations.en_US
dc.description.peerreviewYesen_US
dc.description.sponsorshipCharges for publication of this article sponsored by University of Oklahoma Libraries Open Access/Subvention Fund.en_US
dc.identifier.citationWetmore, S. A., McAdoo, R. M., Gronlund, S. D., & Neuschatz, J. S. (2017). The impact of fillers on lineup performance. Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2, 48. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41235-017-0084-1en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1186/s41235-017-0084-1en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11244/300231
dc.languageen_USen_US
dc.relation.ispartofseriesCognitive Research: Principles and Implications;2:48
dc.relation.urihttps://cognitiveresearchjournal.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s41235-017-0084-1
dc.rightsAttribution 4.0 United States*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/us/*
dc.subjectPsychology, Cognitive.en_US
dc.titleThe Impact of Fillers on Lineup Performanceen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
ou.groupCollege of Arts and Sciences::Department of Psychologyen_US

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