The dynamics of mature and emerging freshwater conservation programs

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dc.contributor.authorNeeson, Thomas M.
dc.contributor.authorWineland, Sean M.
dc.contributor.authorPhillips, Erin
dc.contributor.authorMcFadden, Jonathan
dc.date.accessioned2022-10-17T13:44:57Z
dc.date.available2022-10-17T13:44:57Z
dc.date.issued2022-08-29
dc.description.abstractConservation programs range from small, place-based initiatives to large, bureaucracy-heavy systems. The dynamics of these programs vary greatly. New initiatives may experience exponential growth, but participation and spending in mature programs may rise and fall in response to a number of factors. Here, we analyze historical patterns of participation and spending across five freshwater conservation programs in the United States. Our analysis highlights fundamental differences between emerging programs, which may experience exponential or logistic growth, and mature programs with slower growth, in which changes in participation may be driven by a number of internal and exogenous factors. We propose that changes in the number and spatial distribution of conservation projects are associated with four key factors: changes in legislation that open new funding streams; shifting priorities of actors; changes in the policies or management of a program that align it with new funding opportunities; and increases in individuals’ willingness to participate in a program as it grows. These programmatic shifts represent windows of opportunity for strategically reorienting conservation programs to leverage newly-available resources. Given that large, mature conservation programs support biodiversity and ecosystem services worldwide, comparison of their dynamics with those of emerging programs may reveal key opportunities for maximizing the benefits of investments in these programs.en_US
dc.description.peerreviewYesen_US
dc.description.sponsorshipSW was supported by a Nancy L. Mergler Dissertation Completion Fellowship at OU. Financial support was provided by the University of Oklahoma Libraries’ Open Access Fund.en_US
dc.identifier.citationNeeson TM, Wineland SM, Phillips E and McFadden J (2022), The dynamics of mature and emerging freshwater conservation programs. Front. Environ. Sci. 10:888521. doi: 10.3389/fenvs.2022.888521en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.3389/fenvs.2022.888521en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11244/336541
dc.languageen_USen_US
dc.rightsAttribution 4.0 International*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/*
dc.subjectconservation initiativesen_US
dc.subjectconservation policyen_US
dc.subjectparticipationen_US
dc.subjectreturn on investmenten_US
dc.subjectconservation spendingen_US
dc.titleThe dynamics of mature and emerging freshwater conservation programsen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
ou.groupCollege of Atmospheric and Geographic Sciences::Department of Geography and Environmental Sustainabilityen_US

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