Differences in ethnic identity and social distance in White and Native Americans.

Abstract

The relationship between ethnic identity and social distance was explored among Native Americans and White Americans. A sample of 50 participants, in each ethnic group, were used for analysis. Participants were given the Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure (MEIM) (Phinney, 1992), a revised version of the Bogardus Social Distance Scale (Bogardus, 1925a), and a demographic form. Results comparing high scores on the MEIM and social distance among White Americans and Native Americans indicated that a significant difference existed between the two groups on the social distance questions concerning marrying and having a member of another ethnic group live in an ethnically homogenous country. A significant difference was also noted between the total score and the subscale scores on the MEIM between the White and Native American groups. Several implications are mentioned including the possible development and existence of a White American ethnic identity and the importance of being cognizant of ethnic identity development when working with Native American clients. In addition, further investigation of the relationship between ethnic identity development and social distance and the factors that may influence ethnic group interaction is recommended.