Modular synthesis of amphiphilic networks with guest-host capabilities

Abstract

Herein is described a controlled modular method for nanoscopic polymer network synthesis. Nodal points, such as cyclodextrins, are well defined, as are the cross-linking tie chains (e.g. polyethylene oxide), which are of known molecular weight, and lead to species with guest-host complexation abilities. Tie chains are varied by length and nature, that is, nonpolar or polar, resulting in hydrophobic or amphiphilic networks, respectively. Methods of functionalization can result in the stoichiometric control of network densities, and nodal points, chain orientation and chemistry can be regulated. When formed into films, these networks can sequester small molecules, such as C60 fullerene, through guest-host interactions. Interrogation of mono-functionalized and polymerized products was undertaken by solid state nuclear magnetic resonance experiments. Networked materials, though insoluble in common solvents, swell to varying degrees in nonpolar, polar protic, polar aprotic and halogenated solvents. Simple modular assembly methods for synthesizing amphiphilic polymer networks with specific linker lengths between cross-link sites, tailored hydrophilicity versus hydrophobicity, and active nodes are detailed.