Effects of a Gluteal Activation Program on Muscle Fatigue and Performance During a 5K Run

Abstract

Studies show that fatigue causes delayed and decreased muscle activation and motor control in hip musculature during prolonged activity, increasing the risk of injury due to poor joint kinematics and muscle weakness. Previous research has analyzed the intervention of gluteal activation exercises during dynamic and anaerobic activities, but have not investigated the effects of a low-load gluteal activation program during endurance activities. The current study compared hip muscle activity and performance during a controlled 5k run and a run preceded by gluteal activation (GA) exercises. Hip abduction and extension strength were measured before and immediately following a 5k run, while electromyography (EMG) data was recorded in five minute intervals during the run via surface electrodes. Performing GA exercises prior to an endurance run was expected to improve performance and delay muscular fatigue, indicated by a faster performance time and greater and more consistent muscle activation over time compared to a run absent of activation exercises. Results indicated there was no significant difference in muscle activation between condition and time during analysis of five consecutive steps as well as strength at the beginning and end of the run. However, performance was found to significantly improve during the GA condition. Findings may indicate that performing a GA routine prior to activity may promote improved gluteal function, improve performance, and indirectly prevent injury due to improved kinematics and muscular function.