Barriers to Volunteering with the Oklahoma 4-H Program: A Delphi Study

Abstract

The Cooperative Extension Service and 4-H program have depended on volunteers since 1914 (Van Horn et al., 1998). The success of the 4-H program depends on the investment and involvement of adult volunteers, this group continues to be the driving force of the program (Wessel & Wessel, 1982). Volunteers are an important element to the 4-H program, they often assist the Cooperative Extension Service in teaching, planning and implementing programs (Hutchins, Seevers, & Leeuwen, 2002). According to Borden et al (2014) the Cooperative Extension Service is constantly challenged to recruit, train and retain volunteers. As reduced budgets become more significant, Extension must address barriers that impact and limit volunteer certification and participation to provide support to 4-H volunteers. A one panel modified Delphi was used to determine the barriers to volunteering with the Oklahoma 4-H program. The study consisted of one panel representing Oklahoma 4-H volunteers with two to five years of service to the program. Panelists were selected based on recommendations from County 4-H Extension educators and the 4HOnline enrollment management system.