| dc.description.abstract | The burden of neural degeneration is one that is becoming more steadfast in humans as we are beginning to live longer lives. Combating the entropy of being can, potentially, be accomplished using embryonic stem cells as they differentiate into neural stem cells via the exposure to certain mutagens like retinoic acid (RA), BMP2 antagonist noggin, and a variety of different tropic factors. Using these molecules in a precise manner can allow us to guide stem cells to the identity of our choosing, thus allowing us the opportunity to replace damaged brain tissues. The addition of RA, BDNF, and GDNF show to effectively increase dopamine production from progenitor cells, which has promising implications for patients suffering from Parkinson Disease. Huntington Disease also proves to be amendable to cell therapy as GABAergic neurons are efficiently regenerated in a rat striatum lesioned with quinolinic acid. Furthermore, multiple sclerosis benefits from the addition of stem cells as they secrete neuroprotective agents like CNTF that attempt to shield existing myelin from the attack of autoimmune antibodies. Stem cell research can be a fickle process that yields positive results less frequently than desired. However, we are beginning to know more about stem cells than ever before, and if we keep pushing the limits of our knowledge, the return will far exceed the investment. | |
