Process of Democratization and Human Rights in Kazakstan

Abstract

In 1993 the World Conference on Human Rights, meeting in Vienna, reaffirmed "the solemn commitment of all States to fulfill their obligations to promote universal respect for, and observance and protection of, all human rights and fundamental freedoms for all in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations. other instruments relating to human rights, and international law." Consideration of human rights issues on the international level became necessary with the process of globalization of the world and change in the politics and the place of the nation-state. The previous division of liberal and socialist worlds brought a different understanding of the concept of human rights and their implementation. The destruction of the Soviet Union and a socialist system forced former socialist countries to integrate in the world community and to face problems which were already solved by democratic states. The liberalization of society and the transition to democracy became the most important question. The main concern is how difficult and harmful this transition will be for the population of those countries. Human rights issues allow us to view societies in transition, to analyze the present situation, and to give possible recommendations for the future.