Effects of Off-Season Training on Body Composition and Performance Measures in Female Collegiate Soccer Players
Abstract
Research on the effects of training in female collegiate soccer players is currently limited. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a typical 12-week off-season resistance training and conditioning program on body composition and selected performance measures in female collegiate soccer players. Twenty one members of a Division I women's soccer team completed body composition testing (DEXA), power and endurance performance testing (VO2max, Wingate testing, vertical jump), and 3-day food records. Average baseline body mass was 63.3 ? 6.4 kg. Fat mass and body fat percentage significantly decreased and lean body mass significantly increased from baseline to post-test. Performance measures of VO2max, mean wattage (Wingate testing), anaerobic capacity, and fatigue index significantly improved from baseline. Change in fat mass was shown to have a significant correlation to the changes in VO2max, fatigue index, and peak watts. Aside from percentage energy consumed from protein, no significant changes in energy or macronutrient intake were found. The players consumed energy levels below the minimal recommended energy levels (min. 30 kcal/kg) and carbohydrate levels (min. 5 g/kg). This research study suggests an association of body composition changes to changes in physical performance measures following off-season training in this population.
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