Motivation for learning in information technology experts: Profiles of multiple goals.

Abstract

This study describes the motivational characteristics of developing experts in information technology (IT). Experienced IT workers (N=203) who were users of online technology discussion groups completed surveys about perceived competence and goals (learning/mastery goals, performance-approach goals, intrinsic and extrinsic rewards, and future-oriented perceived utility goals) for continued expertise development. The sample as a whole scored higher on intrinsic motivators than on extrinsic motivators, and scored high on perceived competence, as would be expected for developing experts. A cluster analysis was performed on standardized scores in order to create profiles of multiple goals. Three groups were found: Cluster 1 scored relatively low (as compared to others) on all goal variables and on perceived competence; Cluster 2 scored relatively high on intrinsic goals and perceived competence and relatively low on extrinsic goals; and Cluster 3 scored relatively high on extrinsic goals and relatively low on intrinsic goals and perceived competence. Therefore, while the participants reported that their expertise development was motivated more intrinsically than extrinsically, some depended relatively more on extrinsic rewards and had lower perceived competence than their peers. This may cause their expertise development to have a lower trajectory, in which they progress more slowly and with less satisfaction and enjoyment.