Title
Data from: "Constructivist Learning Environments: Validating the Community of Inquiry Survey for Face-to-Face Contexts"

Description
This data is associated with the manuscript "Constructivist Learning Environments: Validating the Community of Inquiry Survey for Face-to-Face Contexts" The data consists of one CSV file, one README, and one TXT file associated with the methodology and documentation to allow for replication and verification of findings.

Abstract
Serving as a prominent framework for online learning, the Community of Inquiry (CoI), identifies three factors critical to learning in online environments: teaching presence, cognitive presence, and social presence. However, application of the CoI framework to face-to-face classes has not been broadly or systematically explored, despite constructivist paradigms (e.g., flipped classrooms, team-based learning) being increasingly incorporated at the post-secondary level. Further, there remains some debate on whether such constructivist environments adequately support learning, with studies on their effectiveness revealing mixed results, as have studies comparing face-to-face and online learning contexts. A tool that measures students’ perceptions of constructivist learning environments could help address such inconsistencies. The purpose of this study was to validate the CoI scale, a measure developed for online contexts, for use in face-to-face contexts. Undergraduates (n = 282) enrolled in face-to-face classes incorporating team-based learning completed the 34-item CoI scale (Arbaugh et al., 2008) with minor modifications. Confirmatory Factor Analysis validated the original three-factor structure for face-to-face classes has acceptable fit, suggesting this tool measures teaching, cognitive, and social presences in face-to-face courses. Further suggestions for how this measure might be used for the purposes of research and instructional feedback are included.  


Data Description
survey: 34 items Community of Inquiry Scale with minor modifications. The original Col Survey was published under a CC-BY-SA license in Arbaugh, J.B., Cleveland-Innes, M., Diaz, S.R., Garrison, D.R., Ice, P., Richardson, & Swan, K.P. (2008). Developing a community of inquiry instrument: Testing a measure of the Community of Inquiry framework using a multi-institutional sample. The Internet and higher Education, 11(3-4), 133-136.
demographic information: Age, Sex, Race/Ethnicity, Academic Standing, Major
source: Three educational psychology courses at a Midwestern University 
date: Fall 2018 - Spring 2020
site_description: Online survey
sample size: 282
collector: Educational Psychology Survey Administrator
sampling_gear: Qualtrics